What conditions do we treat?

 Sleep apnea is a potentially serious disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep. The most common type, obstructive sleep apnea, occurs when throat muscles relax and block the airway.

Common symptoms include loud snoring, choking or gasping during sleep, morning headaches, and excessive daytime sleepiness. Many people with sleep apnea are unaware they have it.

If left untreated, sleep apnea can increase the risk of high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and cognitive difficulties. Treatment options may include CPAP therapy, oral appliances, lifestyle changes, or other medical interventions tailored to your needs.

 Restless Leg Syndrome is a neurological condition that creates an uncontrollable urge to move the legs, often accompanied by uncomfortable sensations such as tingling, crawling, or aching.

Symptoms usually worsen in the evening or at night and are temporarily relieved by movement, which can make it very difficult to fall asleep or stay asleep.

RLS may be linked to iron deficiency, certain medications, pregnancy, or chronic conditions. Treatment can include lifestyle adjustments, nutritional support, and medications designed to calm nerve activity and improve sleep quality.

 Periodic Limb Movement Disorder involves repetitive, involuntary movements, typically in the legs, during sleep. These movements often occur every 20–40 seconds and can cause brief awakenings throughout the night.

Unlike RLS, people with PLMD are often unaware of the movements but may experience unrefreshing sleep, daytime fatigue, or bed partner complaints.

Diagnosis usually requires a sleep study to monitor nighttime activity. Treatment may include medications or addressing underlying conditions to reduce movement frequency and improve sleep continuity.

Hypersomnolence refers to excessive daytime sleepiness despite getting what appears to be enough sleep at night. Individuals may feel an overwhelming need to nap, struggle to stay awake during daily activities, or experience “sleep attacks.”

This condition can interfere with work performance, school, driving, and overall safety. It may be caused by underlying sleep disorders, neurological conditions, medications, or conditions such as narcolepsy.

Evaluation often includes sleep studies and detailed sleep history. Treatment focuses on identifying the root cause and may include behavioral strategies, medication, and schedule adjustments.

 Circadian rhythm disorders occur when your internal biological clock is misaligned with your daily schedule. This internal clock regulates when you feel awake and when you feel sleepy.

Common types include:

• Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder (difficulty falling asleep late at night and waking in the morning)
   
• Advanced Sleep Phase Disorder (early evening sleepiness and early morning awakening)
   
• Shift Work Disorder (sleep disruption due to nontraditional work hours)
   

Symptoms can include insomnia, excessive sleepiness, and difficulty maintaining a regular sleep schedule. Treatment may involve light therapy, behavioral changes, sleep scheduling, and sometimes medication to help reset your internal clock.

 Insomnia is one of the most common sleep disorders and involves persistent difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or waking too early and being unable to return to sleep.

It can be short-term (acute) or long-term (chronic) and is often associated with stress, anxiety, depression, medical conditions, or poor sleep habits.

People with insomnia may experience fatigue, irritability, difficulty concentrating, and reduced performance during the day.

Treatment often includes Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I), which is highly effective, along with sleep hygiene education and, in some cases, short-term medication support.